Notable Alumni of National School of Bridges and Roads [Sorted List]

1. Jacques Antoine Charles Bresse

1822-1883 (aged 61)

mathematician civil engineer

Jacques Antoine Charles Bresse was a French civil engineer who specialized in the design and use of hydraulic motors.

2. Charles Ellet, Jr

1810-1862 (aged 52)

military personnel civil engineer engineer

Charles Ellet Jr. was an American civil engineer from Pennsylvania who designed and constructed major canals, suspension bridges and railroads. He designed and supervised construction of the Wheeling Suspension Bridge, the longest suspension bridge in the world, from 1849 to 1851. He conducted the first Federal survey of the Mississippi and Ohio rivers as part of the U. S. Army...

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3. Henri-Émile Bazin

1829-1917 (aged 88)

civil engineer

Henri-Émile Bazin, also known as Henry Bazin, was a French engineer specializing in hydraulic engineering, and whose main contributions relate to the systematic study of free surface flows and the measurement of flows (gauging).

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4. Franz Heukamp

1973-. (aged 53)

engineer economist

Franz Heukamp is the dean of IESE Business School and has held this post since 2016. He is also business management scholar and Professor of Managerial Decision Sciences at IESE Business School, University of Navarra.

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5. Yoelle Maarek

1962-. (aged 64)

computer scientist researcher

Yoelle Maarek is a Tunisian-born Israeli computer scientist. She is the Chief Researcher of AI/IR for the Technology Innovation Institute. Maarek is a researcher in the field of AI and information retrieval. She is a former Vice President of Science and Research at Amazon, responsible for Amazon's Alexa Shopping Research and a former Vice President of Research, at Yahoo! Labs,...

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6. Nikolaos Balanos

1860-1942 (aged 82)

architect civil engineer

Nikolaos Balanos was a Greek architect. He is best known for his controversial anastylosis (restoration) of monuments on the Acropolis of Athens between 1894 and 1939.

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7. Jean-Baptiste-Charles-Joseph Bélanger

1790-1874 (aged 84)

mathematician engineer physicist

Jean-Baptiste Charles Joseph Bélanger was a French applied mathematician who worked in the areas of hydraulics and hydrodynamics. He was a professor at the École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures, École Polytechnique and École des Ponts et Chaussées in France. In hydraulic engineering, he is often credited improperly for the application of the momentum principle to a hydraulic jump in...

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8. Pierre-Dominique Bazaine

1786-1838 (aged 52)

mathematician engineer military personnel civil engineer

Pierre-Dominique Bazaine was a French scientist and engineer.

9. Pierre-Simon Girard

1765-1836 (aged 71)

mathematician engineer physicist

Pierre-Simon Girard was a French mathematician and engineer, who worked on fluid mechanics.

10. François Pachet

1964-. (aged 62)

artificial intelligence researcher composer university teacher directeur de recherche civil engineer

François Pachet is a French scientist, composer and director of the Spotify Creator Technology Research Lab. Before joining Spotify he led Sony Computer Science Laboratory in Paris. He is one of the pioneers of computer music closely linked to artificial intelligence, especially in the field of machine improvisation and style modelling. He has been elected ECCAI Fellow in 2014.

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11. Maurice Lévy

1942-. (aged 84)

entrepreneur business magnate

Maurice Lévy was a French engineer and member of the Institut de France.

12. Fouad Douiri

1960-. (aged 66)

engineer politician

Fouad Douiri is a Moroccan politician of the Istiqlal Party. He was Minister of Energy, Mines, Water and Environment in Abdelilah Benkirane's cabinet.

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13. Laurent-Emmanuel Calvet

1969-. (aged 57)

economist

Laurent-Emmanuel Calvet is a French economist and a professor of finance. He is President of the European Finance Association.

14. Pierre Massé

1898-1987 (aged 89)

economist engineer of the French Corps of Bridges and Roads

Pierre Benjamin Daniel Massé was a French economist, engineer, applied mathematician, and high official in the French government.

15. Ossian Bonnet

1819-1892 (aged 73)

mathematician university teacher

Pierre Ossian Bonnet was a French mathematician. He made some important contributions to the differential geometry of surfaces, including the Gauss–Bonnet theorem.

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16. Charles Deutsch

1911-1980 (aged 69)

engineer entrepreneur racing automobile driver

Charles Deutsch was a French aerodynamics engineer and automobile maker, founder of the brand "DB" with René Bonnet, and later of the "CD".

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17. Antoine Picon

1957-. (aged 69)

architect

Antoine Picon (born 8 March 1957) is a 20th-/21st-century French professor of the History of Architecture and technology and co-director of Doctoral Programs (PhD & DDes) at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. He teaches courses in the history and theory of architecture and technology. He is member of the scientific committee of the École Nationale Supérieure d'Architecture de Versailles...

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18. Paul Séjourné

1851-1939 (aged 88)

engineer scientist civil engineer university teacher

Paul Séjourné was a French engineer who specialized in the construction of large bridges from masonry, a domain in which he made some important innovations.

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19. Charles Athanase Walckenaer

1771-1852 (aged 81)

official geographer entomologist naturalist novelist

Baron Charles Athanase Walckenaer was a French civil servant, writer, man of letters, and scientist. He was a polymath and wrote extensively on geography, natural history, and literature. Major contributions included his multi-volume natural histories of arachnids and insects, some published in collaboration with others. He was made a baron in 1823.

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20. Bertrand Camus

1967-. (aged 59)

business executive

Bertrand Camus is a French business executive, CEO of the water and waste management company Suez since 14 May 2019.

21. Édouard Brézin

1938-. (aged 88)

physicist

Édouard Brézin is a French theoretical physicist. He is professor at Université Paris 6, working at the laboratory for theoretical physics (LPT) of the École Normale Supérieure since 1986.

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22. Edme-François Jomard

1777-1862 (aged 85)

explorer cartographer archaeologist egyptologist engineer

Edme-François Jomard was a French cartographer, engineer, and archaeologist. He edited the Description de L'Égypte and was a member of the Institut d'Egypte established by Napoleon. He supervised the educational and cultural mission sent to France from Egypt by Muhammad Ali of Egypt. He was a pioneer in the area of History of Cartography.

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23. Olivier Brousse

1965-. (aged 61)

business executive

Olivier Brousse is the CEO of the largest European landscaping company with 1 bn € of annual revenues from 6 countries. He joined in 2021. Before joining idverde he was CEO of John Laing PLC in London, an international greenfield infrastructure investor, where he led the successful IPO and grew the business internationally.

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24. Zeev Rechter

1899-1960 (aged 61)

architect

Ze'ev Rechter was a pioneering architect of Mandatory Palestine and later Israel, who designed many of Israel's iconic buildings. He migrated to Palestine from the Russian Empire. He is considered one of the three founding fathers of Israeli architecture, along with Dov Karmi and Arieh Sharon. Among his works, Rechter designed Binyanei HaUma (International Convention Center in Jerusalem), the Tel...

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25. Paulin Talabot

1799-1885 (aged 86)

politician entrepreneur cartographer engineer civil engineer

François "Paulin" Talabot, also known as Paulin-François Talabot, was a French railway and canal engineer and politician.

26. Pierre Danon

1956-. (aged 70)

businessperson

Pierre Danon is a French entrepreneur. He currently serves on the board of directors of several companies in Europe. He is chairman of SoLocal Group in Paris and the executive chairman of Volia in Kyiv.

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27. Marthe Camille Bachasson, Count of Montalivet

1801-1880 (aged 79)

politician

Marthe Camille Bachasson, 3rd Count of Montalivet was a French statesman and a Peer of France.

28. Auguste Choisy

1841-1909 (aged 68)

civil engineer engineer of the French Corps of Bridges and Roads university teacher school teacher art historian

Auguste Choisy was a French architectural historian and author of Histoire de l'Architecture.

29. André Blondel

1863-1938 (aged 75)

inventor physicist electrical engineer civil engineer

André-Eugène Blondel was a French engineer and physicist. He was the inventor of the electromechanical oscillograph and a system of photometric units of measurement.

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30. Antoine de Chézy

1718-1798 (aged 80)

mathematician civil engineer engineer

Antoine de Chézy, also called Antoine Chézy, was a French physicist and hydraulics engineer who contributed greatly to the study of fluid mechanics and designed a canal for the Paris water supply. He is known for developing a similarity parameter for predicting the flow characteristics of one channel based on the measurements of another, known today as the Chézy formula....

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31. Ernest Goüin

1815-1885 (aged 70)

industrialist philanthropist engineer

Ernest Goüin was a French civil engineer and industrialist. In 1846 he founded Ernest Goüin & Cie. (after 1871 Société de Construction des Batignolles); the company initially built locomotives, and diversified into bridge building and railway construction projects. His name is one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower.

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32. Philippe Jourdan

1960-. (aged 66)

Catholic priest Catholic bishop

Philippe Jean-Charles Jourdan is a French-born Estonian Catholic prelate who has served as the first Bishop of Tallinn since 2024, after serving as Apostolic Administrator of Estonia from 2005 to 2024. He has lived and worked in Estonia since 1996 and became an Estonian citizen in 2005.

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33. Eugène Belgrand

1810-1878 (aged 68)

structural engineer technical director civil engineer engineer engineer of the French Corps of Bridges and Roads

Eugène Belgrand was a French engineer who made significant contributions to the modernization of the Parisian sewer system during the 19th century rebuilding of Paris. Much of Belgrand's work remains in use today.

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34. Gaspard de Prony

1755-1839 (aged 84)

physicist translator civil engineer scientist highway engineer

Baron Gaspard Clair François Marie Riche de Prony was a French mathematician and engineer, who worked on hydraulics. He was born at Chamelet, Beaujolais, France and died in Asnières-sur-Seine, France.

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35. Edward Jan Habich

1835-1909 (aged 74)

mathematician engineer

Edward Jan Habich was a Polish engineer and mathematician. In 1876, he founded the National University of Engineering (Spanish: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería), a renowned engineering school in Lima, Peru. He was a member of the Peruvian Geographic Society and an Honorary Citizen of Peru. In his native Poland he took part in the January Uprising against the Russian Empire...

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36. Juan Manuel Cajigal y Odoardo

1803-1856 (aged 53)

mathematician engineer journalist politician

Juan Manuel Cajigal y Odoardo was a Venezuelan mathematician, engineer and statesman.

37. Louis Poinsot

1777-1859 (aged 82)

mathematician physicist university teacher politician

Louis Poinsot was a French mathematician and physicist. Poinsot was the inventor of geometrical mechanics, showing how a system of forces acting on a rigid body could be resolved into a single force and a couple.

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38. Jean Becquerel

1878-1953 (aged 75)

physicist university teacher

Jean Antoine Edmond Marie Becquerel was a French physicist, the son of Henri Becquerel. He worked on a range of experimental physics topics including magnetic effects on the optical properties of materials, and the effects of low-temperature on magnetic susceptibility. He was among the early teachers of relativity and quantum physics in France.

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39. Karim Ghellab

1966-. (aged 60)

engineer politician

Karim Ghellab is a Moroccan politician and current president of the Assembly of Representatives of Morocco. Between 2002 and 2011, he was Minister of Transportation and Equipment under the governments of Driss Jettou and Abbas El Fassi.

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40. Jean Ichbiah

1940-2007 (aged 67)

computer scientist engineer

Jean David Ichbiah was a French computer scientist. From 1977 to 1983, he was the chief designer of Ada, a general-purpose, strongly typed programming language with certified validated compilers.

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41. Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant

1797-1886 (aged 89)

mathematician engineer of the French Corps of Bridges and Roads literary translator chemist

Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant was a mechanician and mathematician who contributed to early stress analysis and also developed the unsteady open channel flow shallow water equations, also known as the Saint-Venant equations that are a fundamental set of equations used in modern hydraulic engineering. The one-dimensional Saint-Venant equation is a commonly used simplification of the shallow water equations....

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42. Alain Lipietz

1947-. (aged 79)

economist engineer civil engineer politician

Alain Lipietz is a French engineer, economist and politician, a former Member of the European Parliament, and a member of the French Green Party. He has, however, been suspended from the party since 25 March 2014 and is an elected local politician in Val de Bièvre, Paris, France.

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43. Mustapha Bakkoury

1964-. (aged 62)

engineer businessperson politician

Mustapha Bakkoury is a Moroccan businessman, engineer and politician. He is chairman of the board of the Moroccan Solar Energy Agency and the council president of the Casablanca-Settat region. He was born in Mohammedia, but is a native of Taounate.

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44. Salih Zeki

1864-1921 (aged 57)

writer electrical engineer poet political writer statesperson

Salih Zeki Bey was an Ottoman mathematician and astronomer, and the founder of the mathematics, physics, and astronomy departments at Istanbul University.

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45. Adolphe Alphand

1817-1891 (aged 74)

engineer botanist

Jean-Charles Adolphe Alphand was a French engineer of the Corps of Bridges and Roads. As a close associate of Baron Haussmann and later as Director of Public Works at Paris City Hall from 1871, he was instrumental in the large-scale renovation of Paris in the second half of the 19th century. In 1889, Alphand was elevated to the rank of...

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46. Philippe le Bon

1767-1804 (aged 37)

chemist engineer inventor

Philippe le Bon was a French engineer, born in Brachay, France.

47. Charbel Nahas

1954-. (aged 72)

university teacher politician writer engineer economist

Charbel Nahas is a Lebanese politician, economist and engineer who is the General Secretary of Citizens in a State, a political party that was established in 2016 and that has as its goal to create "a civil, democratic, fair and capable state". He is widely considered to be a Lebanese progressive whose priority has been to improve living conditions for...

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48. Estelle Brachlianoff

1972-. (aged 54)

engineer business executive

Estelle Brachlianoff is a French businesswoman and has been the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Veolia since 1 July 2022. She is an engineer.

49. Jules Dupuit

1804-1866 (aged 62)

economist engineer engineer of the French Corps of Bridges and Roads civil engineer

Arsène Jules Étienne Juvenal Dupuit was a French civil engineer and economist.

50. Hoàng Xuân Hãn

1909-1996 (aged 87)

historian mathematician

Hoàng Xuân Hãn was a Vietnamese professor of mathematics, linguist, historian and educationalist. He was Minister of Education in the short-lived 1945 cabinet of historian Trần Trọng Kim and drafted and issued the first Vietnamese education program.

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51. Robert Beugré Mambé

1952-. (aged 74)

politician

Robert Beugré Mambé is an Ivorian civil engineer and politician who has been the Prime Minister of Ivory Coast since 2023. Prior to his tenure as prime minister he was the governor of the Autonomous District of Abidjan and president of the Independent Electoral Commission.

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52. Albert Caquot

1881-1976 (aged 95)

university teacher civil engineer physicist

Albert Irénée Caquot was a French engineer. He received the “Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)” (military honor) and was Grand-croix of the Légion d’Honneur (1951). In 1962, he was awarded the Wilhelm Exner Medal. He was a member of the French Academy of Sciences from 1934 until his death in 1976.

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53. George Constantinescu

1881-1965 (aged 84)

military flight engineer engineer inventor

George "Gogu" Constantinescu was a Romanian scientist, engineer, and inventor. During his career, he registered over 130 inventions. Constantinescu was the creator of the theory of sonics, a new branch of continuum mechanics, in which he described the transmission of mechanical energy through vibrations.

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54. Henri Tresca

1814-1885 (aged 71)

highway engineer engineer physicist

Henri Édouard Tresca was a French mechanical engineer, and a professor at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers in Paris.

55. Joachim Barrande

1799-1883 (aged 84)

scientific collector geologist botanist paleontologist

Joachim Barrande was a French geologist and palaeontologist. He was particularly known for his work on trilobites, published in the Systéme Silurien de la Bohéme which he published in 22 parts. Trained under the school of Georges Cuvier, he opposed the evolutionary views of Charles Darwin.

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56. Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla

1859-1940 (aged 81)

engineer business executive

Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla was a French engineer, soldier and political lobbyist. With the assistance of American lobbyist and lawyer William Nelson Cromwell, Bunau-Varilla greatly influenced Washington's decision concerning the construction site for the Panama Canal. He worked closely with President Theodore Roosevelt in the latter's orchestration of the Panamanian Revolution, and represented Panama in the treaty negotiations leading to the Hay-Bunau-Varilla...

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57. Mohamed Hassad

1952-. (aged 74)

engineer politician

Mohamed Hassad is a Moroccan engineer and politician, formerly serving as Minister of the Interior in the government of Abdelilah Benkirane. He later served as Minister of Education before being fired in 2017.

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58. Jacques Veyrat

1962-. (aged 64)

businessperson business executive

Jacques Veyrat is a French businessman.

59. Pierre Méchain

1744-1804 (aged 60)

astronomer physicist cartographer mathematician engineer

Pierre François André Méchain was a French astronomer and surveyor who, with Charles Messier, was a major contributor to the early study of deep-sky objects and comets.

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60. Elisenda Paluzie

1969-. (aged 57)

economist political activist university teacher politician

Elisenda Paluzie i Hernández is a Catalan economist, politician, and professor from Spain. Since 24 March 2018 she is president of the Assemblea Nacional Catalana, a Catalan independence organization. She has served as Professor of Economics at the University of Barcelona since 2001, is the director of the Centro de Análisis Económico y de las Políticas Sociales ("Center for Economic...

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61. Ralph Modjeski

1861-1940 (aged 79)

civil engineer

Ralph Modjeski was a Polish-American civil engineer who achieved prominence as "America's greatest bridge builder."

62. Xavier Huillard

1954-. (aged 72)

engineer business executive

Xavier Huillard is a French business executive, and the chairman and CEO of Vinci SA. He has been CEO since 2006, and chairman since 2010.

63. Christel Heydemann

1974-. (aged 52)

engineer business executive

Christel Heydemann is a French businesswoman and the chief executive officer (CEO) of the French telecommunications company Orange S.A. since 4 April 2022.

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64. Mostafa Terrab

1955-. (aged 71)

engineer businessperson business executive

Mostafa Terrab is a Moroccan business executive. He has served as chairman and chief executive officer of the state-owned phosphate company OCP Group since 2006.

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65. Henry Darcy

1803-1858 (aged 55)

hydraulic engineer physicist engineer speleologist civil engineer

Henry Philibert Gaspard Darcy was a French engineer who made several important contributions to hydraulics, including Darcy’s law for flow in porous media.

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66. Fouad Laroui

1958-. (aged 68)

economist scientist university teacher writer children's writer

Fouad Laroui is a Moroccan economist and writer, born in Oujda, Morocco. After his studies at the Lycée Lyautey (Casablanca), he joined the prestigious École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées (Paris, France), where he studied engineering. After working shortly for the Office Cherifien des Phosphates company in Khouribga (Morocco), he moved to the United Kingdom where he spent several years...

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67. Louis Vicat

1786-1861 (aged 75)

engineer of the French Corps of Bridges and Roads

Louis Vicat was a French engineer.

68. Antoine Frérot

1958-. (aged 68)

director engineer business executive

Antoine Frérot is a French businessman. He was Chairman and CEO of Veolia from 2009 to 2022. In July 2022, he became Chairman of the Board of Directors of Veolia.

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69. Valérie Rabault

1973-. (aged 53)

ingénieurs et cadres techniques d'entreprise economist politician

Valérie Rabault is a French engineer and politician of the Socialist Party (PS) who has presided over the Socialists and affiliated group in the National Assembly since 2018. She has represented the 1st constituency of the Tarn-et-Garonne department in Parliament from 2012 to 2024. She was vice president of the National Assembly from 2022 to 2024.

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70. Eugène Freyssinet

1879-1962 (aged 83)

engineer engineer of the French Corps of Bridges and Roads structural engineer civil engineer

Eugène Freyssinet was a French structural and civil engineer. He was the major pioneer of prestressed concrete.

71. Abdelouafi Laftit

1967-. (aged 59)

politician

Abdelouafi Laftit is a Moroccan politician, currently serving as Minister of the Interior since 5 April 2017.

72. Paul Andreu

1938-2018 (aged 80)

painter writer architect engineer civil engineer

Paul Andreu was a French architect, known for his designs of multiple airports such as Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris, and multiple prestigious projects in China, including the National Centre for the Performing Arts in Beijing.

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73. Michel Virlogeux

1946-. (aged 80)

expert structural engineer civil engineer university teacher

Michel Virlogeux is a French structural engineer and bridge specialist.

74. Fulgence Bienvenüe

1852-1936 (aged 84)

engineer engineer of the French Corps of Bridges and Roads civil engineer architect

Fulgence Bienvenüe was a French civil engineer, best known for his role in the construction of the Paris Métro, and has been called "Le Père du Métro" (Father of the Metro).

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75. Antoine Compagnon

1950-. (aged 76)

teacher literary critic writer

Antoine Compagnon is a Professor of French Literature at Collège de France, Paris (2006–), and the Blanche W. Knopf Professor of French and Comparative Literature at Columbia University, New York City (1985–).

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76. Dominique Perrault

1953-. (aged 73)

architect

Dominique Perrault is a French architect and urban planner. He became world known for the design of the French National Library, distinguished with the Silver medal for town planning in 1992 and the Mies van der Rohe Prize in 1996. In 2010 he was awarded the gold medal by the French Academy of Architecture for all his work. He was...

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77. Jean-Baptiste Debret

1768-1848 (aged 80)

painter engineer lithographer illustrator

Jean-Baptiste Debret was a French painter, who produced many valuable lithographs depicting the people of Brazil. Debret won the second prize at the 1798 Salon des Beaux Arts.

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78. Raymond Aubrac

1914-2012 (aged 98)

engineer official French resistance fighter civil engineer

Raymond Aubrac was a member of the French Resistance in World War II. A civil engineer by trade, he assisted General Charles Delestraint within the Armée secrète. Aubrac and his wife Lucie, both communist Resistance members, were friends with Ho Chi Minh; US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger solicited his help amid the Vietnam War to establish contact with North...

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79. Jean Rouch

1917-2004 (aged 87)

photographer anthropologist ethnographer film director documentarian

Jean Rouch was a French filmmaker and anthropologist.

80. Carlos Moedas

1970-. (aged 56)

banker politician painter engineer economist

Carlos Manuel Félix Moedas is a Portuguese politician, civil engineer, and economist who has served as the mayor of Lisbon since 2021. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD).

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81. Agustín de Betancourt

1758-1824 (aged 66)

military engineer architect urban planner inventor civil engineer

Agustín de Betancourt y Molina was a Spanish engineer, who worked in Spain, France and Russia. His work ranged from steam engines and balloons to structural engineering and urban planning. As an educator, Betancourt founded and managed the Spanish Corps of Civil Engineers and the Saint Petersburg Institute of Communications Engineers. As an urban planner and construction manager, Betancourt supervised...

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82. Claude-Louis Navier

1785-1836 (aged 51)

economist mathematician civil engineer engineer physicist

Claude-Louis Navier was a French civil engineer, affiliated with the French government, and a physicist who specialized in continuum mechanics.

83. Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre

1737-1814 (aged 77)

writer novelist botanist geographical engineer (military cartographer)

Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre was a French writer and botanist. He is best known for his 1788 novel, Paul et Virginie, a very popular 18th-century classic of French literature.

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84. Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis

1792-1843 (aged 51)

mathematician engineer physicist university teacher

Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis was a French mathematician, mechanical engineer and scientist. He is best known for his work on the supplementary forces that are detected in a rotating frame of reference, leading to the Coriolis effect. He was the first to apply the term travail (translated as "work") for the transfer of energy by a force acting through a distance,...

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85. Jean-Baptiste Biot

1774-1862 (aged 88)

astronomer physicist mathematician professor civil engineer

Jean-Baptiste Biot was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who co-discovered the Biot–Savart law of magnetostatics with Félix Savart, established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light.

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86. Frédéric Lordon

1962-. (aged 64)

Director of Research at CNRS economist sociologist philosopher

Frédéric Lordon is a French economist and philosopher, CNRS Director of Research at the Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique in Paris. He is an influential figure in France's Nuit debout movement and has regularly contributed to French broadcast and print media on French and European politics, and also writes a regular opinion column for Le Monde diplomatique....

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87. Andrey Bezrukov

1960-. (aged 66)

Russian spy

Andrey Bezrukov, often referred to by the cover name Donald Heathfield, and Elena Stanislavovna Vavilova (Russian: Елена Вавилова), often referred to by the cover name Tracey Foley, were former KGB sleeper agents in the United States. Both had participated in the Illegals Program and were arrested in 2010. They were returned to Russia that year.

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88. Henri Becquerel

1852-1908 (aged 56)

university teacher physicist nuclear physicist engineer chemist

Antoine Henri Becquerel was a French experimental physicist who shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with Marie and Pierre Curie for his discovery of radioactivity.

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89. Augustin-Louis Cauchy

1789-1857 (aged 68)

mathematician engineer physicist university teacher

Baron Augustin-Louis Cauchy FRS FRSE was a French mathematician, engineer, and physicist. He was one of the first to rigorously state and prove the key theorems of calculus (thereby creating real analysis), pioneered the field complex analysis, and the study of permutation groups in abstract algebra. Cauchy also contributed to a number of topics in mathematical physics, notably continuum mechanics.

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90. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac

1778-1850 (aged 72)

chemist university teacher politician engineer physicist

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac was a French chemist and physicist. He is known mostly for his discovery that water is made of two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen by volume (with Alexander von Humboldt), for two laws related to gases, and for his work on alcohol–water mixtures, which led to the degrees Gay-Lussac used to measure alcoholic beverages in many...

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91. Sadi Carnot

1837-1894 (aged 57)

engineer official civil engineer politician

Marie François Sadi Carnot was a French statesman who served as President of France from 1887 until his assassination in 1894.

92. Guy Béart

1930-2015 (aged 85)

singer-songwriter

Guy Béhart-Hasson, known as Guy Béart, was a French singer and songwriter.

93. Jean Tirole

1953-. (aged 73)

university teacher researcher economist

Jean Tirole is a French economist who is currently a professor of economics at Toulouse 1 Capitole University. He focuses on industrial organization and game theory. In particular, he focuses on the regulation of economic activity in a way that does not hinder innovation while maintaining fair rules. Tirole's work is largely theoretical and explored in mathematical models, not empirical...

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94. Augustin-Jean Fresnel

1788-1827 (aged 39)

civil engineer engineer physicist

Augustin-Jean Fresnel was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, fully supplanting Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century. He is perhaps better known for inventing the catadioptric (reflective/refractive) Fresnel lens and for pioneering the use of "stepped"...

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95. Souphanouvong

1909-1995 (aged 86)

politician

Prince Souphanouvong, nicknamed the Red Prince, was along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak, one of the "Three Princes" who represented respectively the communist (pro-Vietnam), neutralist and royalist political factions in Laos. He was the President of Laos from December 1975 to October 1986.

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96. Élisabeth Borne

1961-. (aged 65)

engineer official ingénieurs et cadres techniques d'entreprise politician

Élisabeth Borne is a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France from May 2022 to January 2024, becoming the second woman to hold the position of Prime Minister and the first in 30 years. From December 2024 to October 2025, she served as the Minister of National Education, Higher Education and Research in the Bayrou government and first...

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97. Chakib Benmoussaa

1958-. (aged 68)

diplomat engineer politician

Chakib Benmoussa is a Moroccan diplomat and politician, currently serving as the High Commissionaire of the High Commission on Planning (HCP). He previously served as the interior minister of Morocco and has been the lead negotiator for the Moroccan side in the Western Sahara conflict. Since December 2012, he is serving as the Moroccan ambassador to France. Between October 7,...

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98. Ernest Malinowski

1818-1899 (aged 81)

engineer

Adam Stanisław Hipolit Ernest Nepomucen Malinowski was a Polish civil engineer best known for constructing the world's highest railway at the time, the Ferrovias Central, in the Peruvian Andes between 1871–1876. He participated in the Battle of Callao in 1866 and was also a corresponding member of the Polish Museum in Rapperswil Society in Switzerland.

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99. Juan Carlos García Pérez de Arce

1971-. (aged 55)

architect politician

Juan Carlos García Pérez de Arce is a Chilean architect and politician who served as Chile's Minister of Public Works from 2022 to 2023.

100. Ahmed Friaa

1949-. (aged 77)

politician

Ahmed Friaa was the Minister of the Interior of Tunisia for two weeks in January 2011, during the peak of Tunisian revolution.